MORPHEME

 Morphemes has two types : free morpheme  and bound morpheme:

 

Free morpheme 

A free morpheme is a morpheme or word element that can stand alone as a word. It is also called an unbound morpheme or a free-standing morpheme. In this morpheme there are two types which are lexical and functional morphemes.

Examples: girls, teach, book, class

Lexical morpheme: has lexical meaning; new examples can be freely added.

Examples: N, Verb, Adj, Adv( content words )

Functional morpheme: new examples are rarely added ( but not impossible to add ).

Examples: pro, prep, conj, art ( function words )

Bound morpheme

A bound morpheme tends to be a word element that due to its complexity cannot be accompanied by a single word here are included prefixes and suffixes. 

Inflectional morpheme: An inflection morpheme is a suffix that is added to a word either noun, verb, adjective, or adverb to assign a particular grammatical property to that word, such as its time, number, possession, or comparison. Inflectional morphemes include united morphemes -s (or -es ); 's (or s' ); -ed ; -en ; -er ; -est ; and -ing .

Examples:

-s        plural cats    Nouns

-’s       possessive      brother’s         Nouns

-er      comparative   taller  faster Adjectives

-est    superlative     tallest fastest  Adjectives

-s        third person singular present tense     (she) walks (he) eats   Verbs

-ed     past tense       walked called Verbs

-ing    progressive    walking giving Verbs

-en     past participle (have) given (have) eaten  Verbs

 

Derivational morphemes: are considered lexical because they influence the base word according to its grammatical and lexical class, resulting in a larger change to the base. Derivational morphemes include suffixes like "-ish," "-ous," and "-y," as well as prefixes like "un-," "im-," and "re-."

Examples:

good(adj) + ness= goodness(noun) 

care(noun or verb) + less= careless(adj)

friend(noun) + ship= friendship(noun)

d o(verb) + un= undo(verb)